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What is Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Dogs?

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in dogs is also referred to as Canine Compulsive Disorder (CDD). The disorder is identified by behaviors that are considered normal but when done so in an excessive, repetitive way can interfere with your dog’s ability to function and quality of life.

An example of normal dog behaviors that can become obsessive compulsive in some dogs include excessive licking, pacing, chasing their tail, unprompted barking, and excessive drinking of water. While these are behaviors that most dogs take part in, the concern comes when these behaviors become excessive and their lack of control over them. It has been observed that dogs do indeed perceive and experience concern, making these obsessive compulsions viable for dogs to experience just as some humans do.

What Causes Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Dogs?

Research on OCD or CCD is still rather new. One possible cause looks into the genetic link to the disorder. It’s possible for any breed of dog to develop OCD, however, there are some breeds more prone to compulsive behaviors. Doberman Pinschers, German Shepherds, and Bull Terriers have been identified as more likely to develop OCD due to genetics.

Dogs with OCD also likely have altered serotonin transmission. Essentially, the brain cells and nervous system cells don’t effectively communicate with each other.

Additionally, some professionals believe that in some dogs, compulsive behaviors are a result of lack of physical and mental stimulation, anxiety, frustration, and receiving insufficient attention.

Who’s At Risk of Developing OCD?

It’s possible for any breed of dog to develop OCD, however, there are some breeds more prone to compulsive behaviors. Doberman Pinschers, German Shepherds, and Bull Terriers have been identified as more likely to develop OCD due to genetics.

What are the Symptoms of OCD in Dogs?

A dog with OCD or CCD participates in behaviors that are considered normal, but performed in an obsessive and extensive manner including:

Sucking on a toy or their flank
Excessive licking (acral lick dermatitis)
Excessive biting at their fur
Pacing or spinning
Chasing their tail
Snapping at invisible items
Unprompted barking or vocalizing
Excessive water
Eating dirt or other non-food substances
Hallucinating/staring

How is OCD in Dogs Diagnosed?

OCD can be very difficult to diagnose in dogs. You will need to consult a veterinarian to receive a proper diagnosis of OCD in your dog. The vet will initially rule out any underlying medical causes behind your dog’s behaviors. Prior to visiting the vet, capture videos of the behaviors, a log of the behaviors, and when they began to occur. This will help your veterinarian to have as much information available in order to make a proper diagnosis.

What is the Treatment for OCD in Dogs?

Treatment typically includes a combination of medication and behavior modification. Medications that affect the absorption of serotonin can help to reduce some behaviors. Accompanying medication with teaching new behaviors that can redirect the unwanted compulsive behaviors can be very successful.

Consulting with an animal behaviorist can be beneficial in the behavior modification piece. They will be able to help you understand how to understand and redirect to teach new behaviors.

Your dog’s environment can also make a difference in many circumstances. A predictable routine in place can help to reduce their anxiety while increased physical and mental stimulation can provide needed relief.

Overview

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What is Osteochondritis Dissecans in Dogs?

Osteochondritis Dissecans, commonly referred to as OCD or OD, is a condition in dogs in which a cartilage flap forms during development and causes an inflammatory response. Sometimes, the cartilage flap splits and floats pointlessly about the interior of the joint, causing discomfort and severe damage to the joint.

OCD is most often observed in the shoulder, although it can also be found in the knee, elbow, and ankle joints. OCD produces various degrees of discomfort and lameness, making it difficult for affected young dogs to remain active.

What Causes Osteochondritis Dissecans in Dogs?

Unfortunately, the cause of OCD in many cases is unknown. Genetics are considered to be a major cause of OCD, especially when present in the elbow. It has also been found that OCD is more common in dogs who have too much calcium in their diet or have nutritional deficiencies present. A disruption in the supply of blood to the bone or through the bone is a possible cause as well.

Who’s At Risk of Developing Osteochondritis Dissecans?

Clinical signs of Osteochondritis Dissecans tend to first show between the ages of 6 and 9 months. It’s most commonly observed in large breed dogs that are rapidly growing. Additionally, OCD is more likely to occur in male dogs over female dogs.

What are the Symptoms of Osteochondritis Dissecans in Dogs?

There are a variety of symptoms that are typically presented in dogs with Osteochondritis Dissecans. The most commonly observed symptoms include:

Lameness (may be sudden or gradual)
Avoiding weight bearing on the affected leg
Lameness worsens following activity or prolonged rest
Swelling at joints and warm to the touch
Crying out in pain

How is Osteochondritis Dissecans Diagnosed?

In order to properly diagnose OCD, your veterinarian will need to perform x-rays. In more advanced and difficult cases, a variety of other tests may need to be performed including arthrography, CT scan, or MRI. Several radiographs of each affected region may be necessary to get an accurate assessment of the various bones in joints. This may require a sedative or short-acting anesthetic in order to get optimal positioning for diagnostic positioning.

What is the Treatment for Osteochondritis Dissecans?

The severity of OCD can range from a crack in the cartilage, to a cartilage flap, to a completely detached fragment of cartilage floating around in the joint, which is referred to as a joint mouse. Treatment is dependent upon the severity of the condition when it’s

When a milder case is present, such as a crack or small flap of cartilage, it may be possible for the issue to heal if the dog is put on strict rest and activity restrictions for a few weeks. Additionally, medications will likely be prescribed to relieve inflammation and promote joint health along with passive range of motion exercises.

In more severe cases where the conservative approach does not succeed, the cartilage flap becomes folded in the joint, the abnormality is too large, or if a joint mouse is present, surgery will be required. Removal of the abnormal flap or piece of cartilage may be performed by opening the joint or using an arthroscope. Whichever technique is used, the remainder of the cartilage surface will need to be inspected to be sure it’s not also defective.